Volume 5.14 | Apr 25 - Prostate Cell News

Prostate Cell News 5.14 April 25, 2014

TOP STORY

New Target for Prostate Cancer Resistant to Anti-Hormone Therapies
Prostate cancer becomes deadly when anti-hormone treatments stop working. A new study suggests a way to block the hormones at their entrance. Researchers have found that a protein called BET bromodomain protein 4 binds to the hormone androgen receptor downstream of where current therapies work – targeting androgen receptor signaling. [Press release from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center discussing online prepublication in Nature] Press Release | Abstract

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PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase GRK5 Phosphorylates Moesin and Regulates Metastasis in Prostate Cancer
Researchers report an important contributory role for GRK5 in human prostate cancer. Inhibition of GRK5 kinase activity attenuated the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells and, concordantly, increased cell attachment and focal adhesion formation. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3A1 Associates with Prostate Tumorigenesis
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)3A1 expression was analyzed in various prostate cancer (PC) cell lines. In comparison with the non-stem counterparts, a robust upregulation of ALDH3A1 was observed in DU145-derived PC stem cells. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Galiellalactone Is a Direct Inhibitor of STAT3 in Prostate Cancer Cells
Galiellalactone inhibited STAT3 binding to DNA in DU145 cell lysates without affecting phosphorylation status of STAT3. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Carbohydrate Sequence of the Prostate Cancer-Associated Antigen F77 Assigned by a Mucin O-Glycome Designer Array
The authors made multifaceted approaches to characterize F77 antigen, including binding analyses with the glycolipid extract of the prostate cancer cell line PC3, microarrays with sequence-defined glycan probes, and designer arrays from the O-glycome of an antigen-positive mucin, in conjunction with mass spectrometry. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Inhibition of RSK/YB-1 Signaling Enhances the Anti-Cancer Effect of Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer
Scientists elucidated the mechanism and role of Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) activation in relation to castration resistance as well as enzalutamide resistance, with a view to developing a novel therapeutic concept for castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment. [Prostate] Abstract

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Is Constitutively Active in Advanced Prostate Cancer Cells
qRT-PCR and western blot analysis was used to determine aryl hydrocarbon receptor mRNA and protein expression in hormone sensitive LNCaP cells as well as hormone refractory DU145, PC3 and PC3M prostate cancer cell lines. [PLoS One] Full Article

Influence of Peripheral Whole-Blood MicroRNA-7 and MicroRNA-221 High Expression Levels on the Acquisition of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Evidences from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Researchers identified a microRNA (miRNA) expression profile associated with the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. They observed a miRNA expression profile differentially expressed between the castration-resistant PC3 cell line and the hormone-sensitive LnCaP cell line, where miR-7, miR-221, and miR-222 were upregulated in PC3. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

PGE2 Modulates the Transcriptional Activity of ERRa in Prostate Stromal Cells
Scientists showed that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) affects aromatase expression by regulating estrogen receptor-related receptor a (ERRa) transcriptional activity in prostate stromal cells. [Endocrine] Abstract

MicroRNA-18a Is Elevated in Prostate Cancer and Promotes Tumorigenesis through Suppressing STK4 In Vitro and In Vivo
Researchers found significant upregulation of microRNA-18a in prostate cancer specimens and prostate cancer cell lines compared with the normal controls. [Oncogenesis] Full Article

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin plus Prednisolone Is Active in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer for Whom Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy Failed
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who failed prior docetaxel were treated with gemcitabine 1000?mg?m^-2 and oxaliplatin 100?mg?m^-2 intravenously every two weeks and prednisolone 5?mg orally twice daily. The primary end point was the prostate-specific antigen response rate. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled, Biomarker Study
Researchers investigated the effect of docetaxel and sunitinib on endothelial progenitor cells/circulating endothelial cells kinetics and clinical response in castration resistant prostate cancer patients. [PLoS One]
Full Article

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REVIEWS

Androgen Synthesis Inhibitors in the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The authors review the development of abiraterone and other CYP17 inhibitors; recent studies with abiraterone that inform the understanding of clinical parameters and results of translational studies providing insights into resistance mechanisms to CYP17 inhibitors leading to clinical trials with drug combinations designed to prolong abiraterone benefit or restore abiraterone activity. [Asian J Androl] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

INDUSTRY NEWS

OncoGenex Announces Fast Track Designation Granted for Custirsen in Combination with Cabazitaxel/Prednisone as Second-Line Chemotherapy in Phase III AFFINITY Trial of Men with Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Fast Track designation to the investigation of custirsen when administered in combination with cabazitaxel/prednisone for the treatment of men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer following prior treatment with a docetaxel-containing regimen. [OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Clinical Trial to Test Modified Citrus Pectin in Prostate Cancer
A Phase III clinical trial conducted at the Meir Medical Center in Kfar-Saba, Israel is recruiting participants to study the effects of dietary supplement PectaSol-C® modified citrus pectin in controlling prostate specific antigen levels in prostate cancer patients. [PR Newswire Association LLC] Press Release

UK NICE Guidance Recommends FIRMAGON^® (Degarelix) for the Treatment of Advanced Hormone-Dependent Prostate Cancer Only in People with Spinal Metastases Who Present with Signs or Symptoms of Impending Spinal Cord Compression (ISCC)
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) issued its Final Appraisal Determination recommending FIRMAGON^® (degarelix) as an option for treating advanced hormone-dependent prostate cancer, only in adults with spinal metastases who present with signs or symptoms of spinal cord compression. [Business Wire] Press Release

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POLICY NEWS

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

EVENTS

NEW American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Precision Medicine Series – Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy
June 18-21, 2014
Orlando, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the prostate cell community.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Nuclear Import Mechanisms for the Androgen Receptor and Its Variants (Cornell University)

Postdoctoral Positions – Models of Prostate Cancer (The CRUK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Extracellular Microenvironment in Cancer (Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool)

Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Small-Molecule Drugs in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis (Georgia Regents University Cancer Center)

Studentship – Targeting WW Domain Function in Ubiquitin Ligases Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer (University of East Anglia)

Director of GMP/GLP Quality Operations (University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Investigations of Advanced Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

Postgraduate Position – Chemokine Receptor Induced Cell Migration (University of East Anglia)

Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – PSC Biology and Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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